Let’s start with the term itself: what does CNC mean? It stands for Computer Numerical Control: essentially, an internal electronic device controls the machine’s movements and functions during CNC machining. This technology should not be confused with robots, which can adapt to changes in their environment and to sudden obstacles.
So this kind of process is the work of machine tools controlled by an electronic device called a numerical control. Both the movements and the functions of these machines are defined in advance by a part program written with dedicated software.
These features make them perfect for high-precision machining that requires long cycle times. They cannot be left unattended, though: these machines need an operator to supervise them, since they cannot interact with their surroundings on their own. The operator sets up the program, prepares the raw stock and steps in to correct the machining if problems arise.
CNC machining: the materials used
The process may seem complex, but once understood it increases productivity and therefore revenue. The machines used for this kind of production are very common in industry, because they are ideal for machining a huge range of materials – for example stainless steel CNC machining or aluminium CNC machining.
You start from a block of raw material and, using a milling machine or a lathe, remove material until you get the finished part. Objects of almost any kind can be created.