CNC machining is used more and more in industry because it delivers maximum precision in making parts and components, even very small ones. But what is a CNC machine? And how is CNC machining done? Here are the answers you’re looking for!
A CNC machine (“Computer Numerical Control”) is a machine tool that operates under the control of an internal electronic device connected to software, which directs its movements during machining according to a clearly defined part program.
The starting point of CNC machining is the design – the 2D or 3D drawing of the part – usually created with dedicated computer software. This drawing is then imported into another program that translates the design into the movements the CNC machine must perform to make it.
Machining takes place under the constant guidance and supervision of a technician who sets up the program, prepares the raw stock and steps in to correct the process if anything unexpected happens.
CNC machining is mainly of three types:
- CNC drilling
- CNC milling
- CNC turning
Each of these uses its own machine applying CNC technology to a different need: the CNC drilling machine drills the material with a rotating drill bit.
The CNC milling machine is probably the most widely used numerically controlled machine across industries, because it can produce parts with even very complex geometries. It works by removing material with milling cutters, shaping the finished part.
The CNC lathe, on the other hand, is used to create cylindrical parts, which are shaped as the workpiece rotates.