In precision cnc machining, brass is an oxidizable alloy formed by copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) and optionally other elements. They say the brass rails formed only of copper and zinc, ternary those in which there is another element and quaternary ones where there is a quarter of a chemical element that characterizes the league.
For the brass binary one speaks of α phase when the zinc content is less than 36%. These brasses have an excellent cold workability (drawing and molding) and a good hot workability. The alloys with a 45% higher percentage of zinc have no practical interest.
The copper-zinc binary, also in precision cnc machining work progress, alloys are normally machined by numerical control machine (CNC machining precision), but their toughness causes the formation of very long chips. To obviate this drawback it adds that of lead, remains completely separated from the alloy and, due to its lower melting temperature, is the last element to solidify. So, it will be distributed to the edges of the grains of the copper-zinc alloy making very short chips or even dusty and safeguarding cnc machining services.
The brasses are also referred to lead-dried brass and are used for the pieces machined on a lathe, such as valves and faucets. CuZn39Pb3, in particular is used for gears, pinions and for all those details to complex shapes requiring a machine tool working by removal of very high-speed chip.
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